List of Codes

Codes Needing Attention (Lowest Reliability)

1. Type of Acclaim__Acclaim/Praise/Recognition of political issues/achievements/ideologies_bin ***
Agreement: 51.9% | Krippendorff α: 0.015 | 2-way splits: 2 | Units: 9
Example disagreements:
- Content 2 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 27 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 3 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 9 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 16 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
2. Theme of the Image/Video__Political positioning_bin ***
Agreement: 67.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.349 | 2-way splits: 7 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 3 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 4 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 7 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 13 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 16 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
3. Target of Acclaim__PVV: Geert Wilders_bin ***
Agreement: 68.5% | Krippendorff α: 0.337 | 2-way splits: 2 | Units: 9
Example disagreements:
- Content 9 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 27 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 16 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 24 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 28 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
4. Theme of the Image/Video__Negative imagery/Negative campaigning: The image/video portrays the political opponent in a negative light. This can happen through sharp criticism or with humor._bin ***
Agreement: 68.9% | Krippendorff α: 0.382 | 2-way splits: 5 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 4 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 7 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 32 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 35 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 38 (2 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
5. AI Image/Video_Completely AI_bin ***
Agreement: 69.4% | Krippendorff α: 0.384 | 2-way splits: 2 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 6 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 11 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 2 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
6. AI Image/Video_Partly AI_bin ***
Agreement: 69.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.375 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 6 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 2 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 5 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
7. Target of Attack__(Members of) minorities_bin **
Agreement: 72.6% | Krippendorff α: 0.461 | 2-way splits: 2 | Units: 14
Example disagreements:
- Content 8 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 23 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 7 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 12 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
8. Actors__(Members of) minorities_bin **
Agreement: 72.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.460 | 2-way splits: 7 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 6 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 13 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 26 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 28 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
9. Theme of the Image/Video__Events/Landscape & city scenes: Unlike a symbolic image, people/politicians are doing something, moving, or working (e.g., groups such as politicians, refugees, farmers, protesters, police officers, etc.). Alternatively, a city or (natural) landscape is shown where something is happening (e.g., forest dieback, fire, or flooding, nuclear power plants or wind turbines)._bin ***
Agreement: 74.4% | Krippendorff α: 0.154 | 2-way splits: 4 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 2 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 22 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 31 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 3 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
10. Topics__political_parties_and_politicians_candidate_presentation_politicians_as_the_main_subject_bin **
Agreement: 74.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.467 | 2-way splits: 2 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 14 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 34 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 3 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
11. Type of Attack__Attack on political issues/achievements/ideologies_bin ***
Agreement: 75.0% | Krippendorff α: 0.311 | 2-way splits: 3 | Units: 14
Example disagreements:
- Content 31 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 33 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 37 (2 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
12. Theme of the Image/Video__Symbolic image of person(s)/politician(s)/citizen(s) looking directly into the camera (classic campaign poster image)._bin **
Agreement: 75.0% | Krippendorff α: 0.471 | 2-way splits: 3 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 19 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 23 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 31 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 12 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 13 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
13. Negative Tendency/Tonality_bin **
Agreement: 75.6% | Krippendorff α: 0.403 | 2-way splits: 5 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 3 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 24 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 27 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 28 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 38 (2 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
14. Positive Tendency/Tonality_bin **
Agreement: 75.6% | Krippendorff α: 0.506 | 2-way splits: 5 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 4 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 8 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 22 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 23 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
15. Theme of the Image/Video__Event announcement/Election call/Candidate presentation_bin ***
Agreement: 76.1% | Krippendorff α: 0.321 | 2-way splits: 4 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 6 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 8 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 10 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 16 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
16. Theme of the Image/Video__Positive imagery/Acclaims: The image/video portrays past and future achievements of the party/government in a positive light. This includes drawing a positive balance, saying “thank you” to campaign helpers, or positively discussing political plans/goals._bin ***
Agreement: 77.2% | Krippendorff α: 0.071 | 2-way splits: 5 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 2 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 3 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 5 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 16 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 19 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
17. Actors__Ordinary people / average citizens / ordinary supporters_bin **
Agreement: 77.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.541 | 2-way splits: 4 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 6 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 8 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 27 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 7 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
18. AI Labeling in Post/Ad_bin **
Agreement: 79.4% | Krippendorff α: 0.489 | 2-way splits: 4 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 2 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 9 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 10 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 13 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
19. People in the Image/Video___Members_of__minoritiese_g_refugeesLGBTQ_people_with_disabilities__Jewish_people__women__when_women_are_explicitly_labeled__depicted__or_referred_to_as_a_minority__bin **
Agreement: 81.1% | Krippendorff α: 0.554 | 2-way splits: 4 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 22 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 26 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 27 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 33 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 7 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
20. People in the Image/Video__Ordinary_people___average_citizens___ordinary_supporterse_g_individuals_as_well_as_groups_of_citizens_such_as_teachers__pensioners__students__caregivers__etc___bin *
Agreement: 81.1% | Krippendorff α: 0.625 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 22 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 7 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 9 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 10 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 12 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
21. Number of People in the Image/Video_bin ***
Agreement: 85.0% | Krippendorff α: 0.230 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 7 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 8 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 12 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 23 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
22. Topics__civil_rights_including_gender_politics_lgbtq_policies_bin ***
Agreement: 85.6% | Krippendorff α: 0.164 | 2-way splits: 2 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 26 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 32 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 3 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 7 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 10 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
23. Type of Attack__Attack on a person/party/organization/institution_bin ***
Agreement: 85.7% | Krippendorff α: 0.267 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 14
Example disagreements:
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 9 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 16 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 17 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 2 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
24. Target of Acclaim__Ordinary people / average citizens / ordinary supporters_bin ***
Agreement: 88.9% | Krippendorff α: -0.029 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 9
Example disagreements:
- Content 2 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 28 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 39 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 13 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 26 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
25. Actors__Dutch government, ministries, parliament, and courts (ALSO KABINET SCHOOF)_bin ***
Agreement: 89.4% | Krippendorff α: 0.047 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 35 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 9 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 23 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 24 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 28 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
26. Topics__election_in_general_electoral_system_campaign_events_campaign_dates_campaign_appearances_election_polls_bin ***
Agreement: 90.1% | Krippendorff α: 0.219 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 14 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 2 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 3 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 7 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 13 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
27. Topics__europe_bin ***
Agreement: 91.4% | Krippendorff α: 0.256 | 2-way splits: 4 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 8 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 19 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 37 (2 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
28. Theme of the Image/Video__Fantasy / futuristic scenarios or depictions of imagined or speculative realities (utopian or dystopian future Netherlands)_bin **
Agreement: 91.7% | Krippendorff α: 0.504 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 3 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 9 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 17 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 23 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 38 (1 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
29. Topics__environmental_and_energy_policy_bin **
Agreement: 91.9% | Krippendorff α: 0.582 | 2-way splits: 3 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 18 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 19 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 31 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 12 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
30. Actors__Europe/EU/NATO, EU/NATO institutions and bodies & their representatives_bin ***
Agreement: 92.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.348 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 37 (2 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 8 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 19 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
31. Topics__housing_crisis_bin **
Agreement: 92.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.520 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 6 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 8 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 12 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
32. Target of Attack__Illegal actors, criminals, offenders, terrorists, extremists / extremist groups_bin ***
Agreement: 92.9% | Krippendorff α: -0.019 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 14
Example disagreements:
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 16 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
33. Target of Attack__Dutch government, ministries, parliament, and courts (ALSO KABINET SCHOOF)_bin ***
Agreement: 92.9% | Krippendorff α: -0.019 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 14
Example disagreements:
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 9 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 6 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 18 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
34. Target of Attack__Europe/EU/NATO, EU/NATO institutions and bodies & their representatives_bin ***
Agreement: 92.9% | Krippendorff α: -0.019 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 14
Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 8 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
35. Topics__economy_and_finance_bin *
Agreement: 93.7% | Krippendorff α: 0.634 | 2-way splits: 2 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 8 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 4 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 37 (1 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 39 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
36. Actors__(Representatives of) non-political institutions_bin ***
Agreement: 94.4% | Krippendorff α: 0.145 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 35 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 31 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 37 (1 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
37. Theme of the Image/Video__Image from a campaign event_bin ***
Agreement: 95.0% | Krippendorff α: -0.017 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 2 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 13 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 26 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
38. Theme of the Image/Video__Everyday politics_bin ***
Agreement: 95.0% | Krippendorff α: -0.017 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 9 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 14 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 35 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
39. Actors__News media and their journalists / representatives_bin ***
Agreement: 95.0% | Krippendorff α: -0.017 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 5 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 16 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 32 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
40. Topics__foreign_security_and_defense_policy_bin ***
Agreement: 95.0% | Krippendorff α: 0.246 | 2-way splits: 2 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 26 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 35 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 19 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 30 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ L:✗
41. Target of Attack__Celebrities and/or opinion leaders_bin ***
Agreement: 95.2% | Krippendorff α: 0.321 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 14
Example disagreements:
- Content 19 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
42. People in the Image/Video__Representatives_of_social_movementse_g_Fridays_for_Future__Identitarian_Movement__QAnon___MeToo_movement__bin ***
Agreement: 96.1% | Krippendorff α: 0.209 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 26 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 28 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
43. People in the Image/Video__Illegal_actors__criminals__offenders__terrorists__extremists___extremist_groups__Actors_who_commit_generally_criminally_relevant_actions_without_being_associated_with_a_specific_party__business___non_terrorist__organization__or__non_extremist__social_movementplease_code_them_accordingly_actors_who_plan_and_carry_out_criminal_activities_in_a_structured_group__actors_who_use_violence_bin ***
Agreement: 96.7% | Krippendorff α: -0.008 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 10 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 24 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 40 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
44. Actors__Illegal actors, criminals, offenders, terrorists, extremists / extremist groups_bin **
Agreement: 96.7% | Krippendorff α: 0.487 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 24 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 28 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 40 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
45. Actors__(Representatives of) social movements_bin **
Agreement: 96.7% | Krippendorff α: 0.487 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 26 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 28 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
46. People in the Image/Video__Celebrities_and_or_opinion_leaderse_g_actors__sports_figures_athletes__musicians__economists__social_media_influencers__bin ***
Agreement: 97.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.328 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 19 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
47. Names of Actors__Douwe_Bob_bin ***
Agreement: 97.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.328 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 19 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
48. Theme of the Image/Video__Individual voter contact_bin ***
Agreement: 97.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.328 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 16 (2 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
49. Actors__(Representatives of) interest groups, NGOs_bin ***
Agreement: 97.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.328 | 2-way splits: 1 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 37 (2 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
50. People in the Image/Video__GL_PvdA__Esmah_Lahlah_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
51. People in the Image/Video__GL_PvdA__Jesse_Klaver_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
52. People in the Image/Video__GL_PvdA__Marjolein_Moorman_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
53. People in the Image/Video__GL_PvdA__Mei_Li_Vos_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
54. People in the Image/Video__Journalists__representatives_of_news_media__general__media_types__individual_media_outlets__bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 16 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
55. Names of Actors__Pim_Fortuyn_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 2 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
56. Names of Actors__Douwe_bob_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 19 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
57. Names of Actors__Security_guard_Geert_Wilders_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 2 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
58. Names of Actors__Depicted_as_politicians_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 35 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
59. Names of Actors__not_real_people_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 35 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
60. Theme of the Image/Video__Media work (incl. TV debate)_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 35 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
61. Actors__GL-PvdA: Esmah Lahlah_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
62. Actors__GL-PvdA: Jesse Klaver_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
63. Actors__GL-PvdA: Marjolein Moorman_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
64. Actors__GL-PvdA: Mei Li Vos_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
65. AI Labeling in Image/Video_bin ***
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 32 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
66. Names of Actors__Donald_Trump_bin *
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.661 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 33 (1 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
67. Names of Actors__Bob_bin *
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.661 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 19 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
68. Actors__Celebrities and/or opinion leaders_bin *
Agreement: 98.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.661 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 30
Example disagreements:
- Content 19 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
69. Topics__education_and_culture_bin ***
Agreement: 98.6% | Krippendorff α: 0.000 | 2-way splits: 0 | Units: 37
Example disagreements:
- Content 10 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓

Acceptable and Good Codes (≥ 0.667 Krippendorff’s Alpha)

These codes show good to excellent reliability between coders:

Image(s)/Video(s) included

Agreement: 97.7% | Krippendorff α: 0.923 | Interpretation: Excellent | Units: 37


No disagreements found - excellent reliability!

AI Image/Video_Not AI_bin

Agreement: 96.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.881 | Interpretation: Excellent | Units: 37


Example disagreements:
- Content 11 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 18 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 1 (0 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 2 (0 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 3 (0 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗

AI Image/Video (AI or not)_bin

Agreement: 96.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.881 | Interpretation: Excellent | Units: 37


Example disagreements:
- Content 11 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 18 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 1 (0 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 2 (0 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 3 (0 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓

Nature of the Image/Video

Agreement: 94.4% | Krippendorff α: 0.869 | Interpretation: Excellent | Units: 30


No disagreements found - excellent reliability!

Topics__call_to_vote_get_out_the_vote_call_without_and_with_naming_of_party_s_bin

Agreement: 91.4% | Krippendorff α: 0.823 | Interpretation: Excellent | Units: 37


Example disagreements:
- Content 13 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 10 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 12 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓
- Content 14 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 16 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✓

Theme of the Image/Video__Humor / Satire (depictions used to mock, exaggerate, or parody)_bin

Agreement: 88.9% | Krippendorff α: 0.763 | Interpretation: Good | Units: 30


Example disagreements:
- Content 1 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 37 (2 disagreements): X/Twitter Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 8 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 12 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 17 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗

Topics__domestic_and_migration_policy_public_safety_crime_incl_femicide_political_radicalism_religious_fanaticism_terrorism_bin

Agreement: 87.8% | Krippendorff α: 0.758 | Interpretation: Good | Units: 37


Example disagreements:
- Content 10 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 11 (2 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 35 (2 disagreements): TikTok Video | DA:✓ DO:✓ E:✗ L:✗
- Content 1 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 8 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✓ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✓

Theme of the Image/Video__Nostalgic / historical Dutch imagery (references to glorified past or national symbols)_bin

Agreement: 93.3% | Krippendorff α: 0.679 | Interpretation: Good | Units: 30


Example disagreements:
- Content 10 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✓ E:✓ L:✓
- Content 13 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 14 (1 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 28 (1 disagreements): Instagram Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✓ L:✗
- Content 1 (0 disagreements): Facebook Post | DA:✗ DO:✗ E:✗ L:✗

Most Problematic Content Pieces (Highest Overall Disagreement)

These content pieces have the most disagreements across all codes:

Content Review

Content Review

Content 1

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid02dhGBr1rge85HdDHjSVHRzaSKvCmVdk32NVniSkYo8HwVPuYrCGFogDbgng6P5v33l

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✗ El:✓ Ly:✗

Content 2

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid02gVf85P9Z8FcdJuQTsScp2wfwqHmfguJzuPcwLpivn2g9NSNiPvDSFy1t6CNrGQnEl

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✗ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓

Content 3

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid02q3ugyYJZUacM7Ccj17xUZ2mDGYxByPtdemapdpoTrFS4Fhpz51gbnwJ2K7Sad6P1l

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✗ El:✗ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓

Content 4

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid033pTnLbXCuqWoJpr4TiyMMVvGDJRuE5RR9aLby729TdxFxs16L9BTh7CbF6dNmVi6l

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✗ Do:✗ El:✓ Ly:✓

Content 5

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid09zTN7PLkyBxAegTeYcPok1X6ShuQEJy4m9qeG9eE3r5fZoD7t4tbdaiigEESBrXHl

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✗ Do:✗ El:✗ Ly:✗
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✗

Content 6

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid0Jt35mR5se943GP1k1NcGpJGF74ufgT9ucF6bbX2ioFVUdpTdd3sNZfbXwqHrgmtZl

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✗ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✗ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓

Content 7

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid0JyAmKhvBSBpXmEtLQ7iSbTpMK9d9rBhqxzL6u8i5R3M1fBWGJf76DDQnPzy9s5pel

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✗ El:✓ Ly:✓

Content 8

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid0kZE2Fm1b3oSEYvaF4SoB17PsSahEW9eNLge9VS1nLCW4sGPeTdneLz9JyJwc1rHql

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✗ El:✓ Ly:✗

Content 9

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid0Lh6Yb9VxttQqsmR94MMPBbEXha2RuChAkz2RuokM9A56jdxgLUHG5hHaoG3Q1Shfl

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Do:✓ El:✗ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓

Content 10

URL: https://www.facebook.com/GeenAangifte/posts/pfbid0nktgkgJ8K8bUsPLpDutBaYY9Sm6yPmok5zSaxoxRUy24LhaHh3ENA6nbckgFRhFbl

Post Screenshot
Screenshot of post

View Original Post

Coders: Daisy, Doortje, Ella, Lynn

Key Variables:

  • AI Image/Video (AI or not): Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Negative Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓
  • Positive Tendency/Tonality: Da:✓ Do:✓ El:✓ Ly:✓

Data Tables

Complete Reliability Statistics

Most Problematic Codes


Content Index

Code Search Tool

Use this table to search for any code and see all content that was coded with that code.

Search by Code

Coding Coverage by Coder:

  • Doortje: 40 unique URLs coded
  • Lynn: 40 unique URLs coded
  • Ella: 39 unique URLs coded
  • Daisy: 38 unique URLs coded

Type any code name in the search box below to find all content that was coded with that code.

Note: This table only shows content that was coded by at least 2 coders to ensure meaningful comparisons.


Dashboard generated on 2025-09-24 16:07:40.841413

Summary

Key Implementation Updates:

Category Alignment Fixed: All binary conversion logic now uses exact category text from categories.txt

Conditional Coding Logic Implemented: - If coder determined image/video is “NOT AI-generated”, then ALL subsequent variables (AI Labeling, Number of People, Tonality, etc.) are correctly treated as NA (not coded) - This ensures reliability calculations only include coders who had the opportunity to code each variable

AI Binary Variables Working: - “Partly AI-generated” correctly counts as 1 in “AI or not” binary variable - All AI categories (Completely, Partly, Not AI, Unsure) properly converted to binary format

Impact: - 23 responses were coded as “NOT AI-generated” - These coders are now correctly excluded from reliability calculations for subsequent variables - More accurate Krippendorff’s Alpha calculations for AI-related and content variables